They calculated the risk per extra partner of HIV infection in people sometimes or never using condoms for receptive anal sex, compared to people who always used them. In people who always used condoms, it only rose by 7. Analysis by number of partners, rather than by number of sex acts, may be a more reliable guide to risk because in cases where there are multiple sex acts between one couple, the risk of transmission tends to go down with time.

This may be because an HIV-positive partner with a high viral load is likely to transmit in the first few months of a relationship, while a partner with a low viral load may never transmit HIV. Because there is less risk of infection as time goes on, the risk of not using condoms also diminishes over time — and so, therefore, does their apparent efficacy.

On the other hand, if someone continues having sex with multiple partners, their infection risk does not diminish over time because their chances of encountering someone with a high viral load stays constant — as does the efficacy of condoms. Foteini Giannou and a group of European researchers published a meta-analysis in that examined 25 studies that recruited a total of 10, couples with one HIV-positive and one HIV-negative partner.

These studies were done in a range of countries between and In the review, the protective effect of consistent condom use was slightly greater when the male rather than the female partner was HIV positive.

There was also geographic variability, with much greater levels of protection reported in two Asian studies than in eleven studies conducted in North and South America. The researchers comment that this raises questions about social, cultural, biological or methodological differences that are not fully understood.

For example, study participants in the USA may be more likely to engage in anal as well as vaginal sex, which carries a much greater risk of HIV transmission. Due to genetic differences, there could be geographic variations in susceptibility to HIV. The evidence therefore shows that while condoms are highly effective against HIV transmission under laboratory conditions, unsurprisingly in the real-world they are not always used perfectly.

This lowers protection levels for both heterosexual and gay couples. Condoms are much less effective if they're used incorrectly. In , Dr Stephanie Sanders of the Kinsey Institute and colleagues published an analysis of 50 studies concerning condom use in 14 countries. In total, between 1. This negates the protective benefits of condoms, since fluids are exchanged throughout intercourse and not just during ejaculation. Avoiding such mistakes is important to prevent condom breakage and ensure that you are best protected against HIV transmission.

For a step-by-step guide on how to use condoms correctly, read our factsheet. Figures for the frequency of condoms breaking, slipping off or leaking vary widely between studies. Up to a third of men report problems with the fit and feel of condoms, which are in turn associated with condoms breaking or slipping off.

Choosing a condom that is an appropriate size for the penis reduces the risk of breakage. We are not aware of similar studies in other populations. The risk of HIV transmission is zero.

However, condoms provide additional benefits in terms of preventing sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancy. A Theoretical Approach. Pre-exposure Prophylaxis PrEP. Treatment as Prevention. Passive Antibody Transfer. Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision. Harm Reduction. Condom Use. Future Directions for Treatment Research. Sustained Viral Remission Research.

One of the most common spermicides is called nonoxynol This is because nonoxyl-9 can disrupt the lining of the genital tissues and may actually increase the risk of HIV transmission.

Overall, condoms are a highly effective way to help prevent the transmission of HIV through sex. Condoms are also available for people with a vagina. However, so far, no studies directly compare the effectiveness of external and internal condoms.

While HIV can spread during oral sex , the risk of this happening is very low. To use a dental dam:. Condoms can prevent the transmission of HIV. To do so effectively, they must be used both consistently and effectively. Ensuring that condoms fit, storing them properly, and using lube during sex can all help prevent condom breakage or slippage during sex. Dental dams can also help prevent HIV transmission.

A healthcare professional can help address any questions or concerns regarding HIV prevention. The condom aisle can be overwhelming, especially if you're making a last-minute purchase. Pick your sensation, grab the pack, and get to it! The risks you and your partner face depend on when the condom broke and the type of intercourse you were having. There are steps you can take to…. Part of the fear of HIV comes from lack of education.

Understanding the facts can prevent misinformation — and HIV — from spreading. We break down how often you should test for STIs and what to expect when you do, plus highlight some of the best free or low-cost test centers in all…. If you've been tested for HIV, or if you're considering an HIV test, you may have questions about the accuracy of the results.

Learn more about the…. HIV and hepatitis are viruses with similar transmission methods and risk factors. HIV damages the immune system. Without treatment, AIDS can develop. A circumcised penis vs uncircumcised may help prevent HIV transmission for some; however, for MSM condoms or other barrier methods are highly…. Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect.

He lives in San Diego with his wife, his two children, and his cat. Version 1. ISBN: Version: 1. Learn how to sync and share calendars effectively! Scrolling Month and Week Views. Customizable list view lets you filter and sort events by date, calendar, and more.

Customizable event fonts, sizes, styles and colors. Add graphics to your calendar. Add virtual sticky notes to your calendar. Sync with other BusyCal users on a local area network or over the internet. Share calendars with others, with password-protection and SSL encryption. Version Try our new feature and write a detailed review about BusyCal.

All reviews will be posted soon. Write review. What customer like Performance. BusyCal qualities Value. Write your thoughts in our old-fashioned comment. MacUpdate Comment Policy. We strongly recommend leaving comments, however comments with abusive words, bullying, personal attacks of any type will be moderated.

Email me when someone replies to this comment. LeMerlot Jul 15 By far the best, most sophisticated and comprehensive and now with version Worth every penny. At least for me. Pepper Jul 8 I used a cal by Calendar Man for years, but they stopped with OS You can click on an event in the menu bar to view its details, and create new events and tasks using natural language. And, unlike other calendar apps, BusyCal's menu bar app is always running, even when the main BusyCal app is not running, so you always have access to your schedule.

BusyCal enables you to create events and tasks using natural language. A preview of the event details are displayed while you type as it recognizes the title, date and time, location and more. You can even use it to add contacts or attendees, set an alarm, add a URL, or to indicate the calendar to create the event on.

BusyCal displays a list of your calendars along with an optional mini month in the left sidebar. You can rearrange the list of calendars and use it to show, hide, and share calendars.

You can also rename calendars, change calendar colors, or arrange related calendars into collapsible groups. The Calendar List can be shown or hidden as needed. You can even create Calendar Sets to quickly toggle multiple calendars on or off with a single-click.

The most common use of Smart Filters is for creating Calendar Sets, to quickly toggle multiple calendars on or off with a single click see above. You can also use Smart Filters to create saved searches e. BusyCal displays alarms in a movable, resizable floating window that offers the ability to snooze alarms for any number of minutes, hours or days.

You can even snooze an alarm until a few minutes before the start of an event, and snooze multiple alarms at once. And, unlike other calendar apps, BusyCal Alarms trigger even when the main BusyCal app isn't running, so you'll never miss an important appointment, meeting, or event. BusyCal allows you to tag events for tracking and filtering. Tags are user-defined labels with which you can categorize and color events in BusyCal.

The app integrates with Maps and Location Services on your Mac to give you a good estimate of how long your trip should take, and lets you incorporate that time into your schedule. Quickly pen in events even while you multitask by writing as you speak.

Type in location, participants, or time, and a natural language processor will interpret what you write and schedule it accordingly. Create specific reminders that work for you, from pop-up notifications to audio alerts. Alarms can be snoozed, paused, and repeated as necessary, and they work even when the BusyCal app window is closed. Try free. Do more with Setapp.

Your app will arrive with Setapp, a suite of apps for solving everyday tasks on Mac and iPhone. Join every meeting in a click Meeter Zoom or Google Meet, it doesn't matter.

BusyCal via Setapp A flexible calendar app for when time is tight. Enter BusyCal, an elegant and easy to use calendar designed to make your life easier.

He would only need to cut a measly five pounds to get to the welterweight limit. But, that would mean Henderson would lose his weight advantage over his opponent.

Some welterweights cut down from pounds to make the division limit. Fighters like Thiago Alves would have a massive weight advantage on Henderson, one with which he's not used to dealing. I don't think Ben Henderson would have a good run at welterweight.

I would liken it to when Nate Diaz put on weight and moved up for a few fights. And when it comes to the crucial attribute that is impossible to measure in the fight game, Henderson saw no better example than the battle that unfolded between Robbie Lawler and Rory MacDonald in the co-main event at UFC back in July. For just north of 20 minutes, the resurgent champion and the talented young Canadian upstart waged all-out war on one another in a battle that pushed each man to their physical and mental limits.

I would like to find out who has the bigger heart between myself and Robbie Lawler. He has all of those weapons, but what impresses me the most is the heart the man has. Before Henderson can climb the welterweight ranks he has to prove he can swim through the turbulent waters of one of the most competitive divisions under the UFC banner.

Knowing he wanted a tough customer directly out of the gates, the former lightweight champion saw a roster of potential killers to lock up with, and his team immediately set about looking to land the biggest shark possible. Everyone wants St. But the prospect of a shot against welterweight kingpin St. Pierre still intrigues the man to beat at April 13, pm. Share This Article. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! UFC Vegas 42 weigh-in face-offs video.

UFC Vegas Holloway vs. Bellator weigh-in results and video: Title fight officially set. Hot Sauce. Valentina Shevchenko shows off her sixth ruby on her UFC championship belt. Justin Gaethje shares hospital bed photo with Michael Chandler by his side.

Success Stories Plumbing pro Jake Albright likes reliability, ruggedness, and convenience in his drain cleaning tools. Jake Albright. Grease clogged pipes produce problems.

But the right drain cleaning equipment, Chris Fantauzzo contends, turns those problems into profits. Bar owners, municipal authorities, and homeowners, he… Read More. Our Aero Disposable Freeze Kits offer enough refrigerant for small pipe freezes, for example, when wanting to freeze a pipe to replace a valve.

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Get an indefinite freeze with a continuous power supply. No frames Download Catalogue. New Product Catalogue. Join your colleagues who already get great content delivered right to their inbox. If you don't want to bring your iPad into the bathroom, we can send you a magazine subscription for free!

Interested in Tools? Get Tools articles, news and videos right in your inbox! Sign up now. Popular Stories. If a faucet is left dripping, the pipe may still freeze but it will not be damaged as there has been no increase in water pressure due to the dripping tap. I remember now that I was taught to let your water drip if you think the pipes might freeze…I thought it was to maintain some flow in the system, but this makes more sense now that I think about it. Not sure I buy that reasoning.

If the water plug is frozen, and growing both behind and in front of the frozen plug along the length of the pipe, letting the tap drip only reduces the water pressure from the frozen plug to the tap, but not from the frozen plug back to the water inlet source? When the tap is dripping slightly open , enough pressure in the pipe will push the water back into the main line.

It usually happens because the pipe will start to freeze at two ends first. The spot in between the frozen points bursts. Ahh, good old Ra! Seriously guys, Listen to yourselves. Bickering about every little thing. Now its just a bunch of know-it-alls that have nothing better to do than try to sound smarter than everyone else. I though your imminent departure was a logical assumption looking at the facts.

Seeing as you are unable to selectively read comments and filter out those who are not of your liking, it seems reasonable for you not to visit the forum again, unless you are a masochist of course, but then you secretly like it. I think its plain to see who has the issues here. I was saying cant we be nice?

You clearly want to argue. I wont argue with you over this. Take care, buddy. Please calm down and try to at least set some example of the behaviour that you want to see. But we can still respectfully disagree or if we think the other opinion is indeed laughable, perhaps just not commenting at all, it is very unlikely to lead anywhere useful.

You ever try to stuff a piece of bread into a running faucet? Your fix works but not if you need to cut in the middle of a pipe.

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Alumni who have graduated in or later can redirect their jhu. All alumni have alumni email accounts automatically created for them. Reset your password. For questions about alumni email aliases, alumni email accounts, or JHED deactivations, contact alumniemail jhu. Alumni email aliases and alumni email accounts are alumni benefits offered by Johns Hopkins University and are intended for personal use only. Save important billing, financial aid, and student employment documents and ensure your mailing information is up to date in SIS.

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While passing through the body, it draws in water and forms a gel-like substance. This increases the bulk of your stool and softens it to help make bowel movements easier.

In a review of four controlled studies, soluble fiber was found to improve stool consistency and increase the frequency of bowel movements in those with constipation. Furthermore, it reduced straining and pain associated with bowel movements 5. On the other hand, insoluble fiber helps alleviate constipation by adding bulk to your stools and making things move a little quicker through the digestive tract.

This type of fiber is found in whole grains and the skins and seeds of fruits and vegetables. Summary Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that promotes good digestive health by reducing constipation and lowering the risk of digestive tract diseases. Certainly, eating excessive amounts of refined carbs is detrimental to your heart and may increase your risk of diabetes. However, eating plenty of dietary fiber can benefit your heart and blood sugar levels 7 , 8 , 9.

As viscous soluble fiber passes through the small intestine, it binds to bile acids and prevents them from being reabsorbed. To make more bile acids, the liver uses cholesterol that would otherwise be in the blood.

Controlled studies show that taking Additionally, fiber does not raise blood sugar like other carbohydrates do. In fact, soluble fiber helps delay the absorption of carbs in your digestive tract. This can lead to lower blood sugar levels following meals A review of 35 studies showed significant reductions in fasting blood sugar when participants took soluble fiber supplements daily.

It also lowered their levels of A1c, a molecule that indicates average blood sugar levels over the past three months Although fiber reduced blood sugar levels in people with prediabetes, it was most powerful in people with type 2 diabetes Summary Excess refined carbohydrates can increase the risk of heart disease and diabetes. As you can see, carbohydrates play a role in several important processes.

However, your body has alternative ways to carry out many of these tasks without carbs. Nearly every cell in your body can generate the fuel molecule ATP from fat. Fruit, vegetables, pulses and starchy foods especially higher fibre varieties provide a wider range of nutrients such as vitamins and minerals , which are beneficial to health. The fibre in these foods can help keep your bowel healthy and adds bulk to your meal, helping you to feel full.

To increase the amount of fibre in your diet, aim for at least 5 portions of a variety of fruit and veg a day. Go for higher fibre varieties of starchy foods and eat potatoes with the skin on. Try to aim for an average intake of 30g of fibre a day. The glycaemic index GI is a rating system for foods containing carbohydrate. It shows how quickly each food affects the glucose sugar level in your blood when that food is eaten on its own.

Some low-GI foods foods that are absorbed slower by the body , such as wholegrain cereals, fruit, vegetables, beans and lentils, are foods we should eat as part of a healthy, balanced diet. But GI alone is not a reliable way of deciding whether foods, or combinations of foods, are healthy or will help you lose weight.

Although low-GI foods cause your blood sugar level to rise and fall slowly, which may help you to feel fuller for longer, not all low-GI foods are healthy. For example, watermelon and parsnips are high-GI foods, yet healthy, while chocolate cake has a lower GI value. And the way a food is cooked and what you eat it with as part of a meal will change the GI rating. Find out more about the glycaemic index GI. Any food can cause weight gain if you eat too much.

Whether your diet is high in fat or high in carbohydrates, if you frequently consume more energy than your body uses, you're likely to gain weight. Gram for gram, carbohydrate contains fewer calories than fat. Wholegrain varieties of starchy foods are good sources of fibre. Foods high in fibre add bulk to your meal and help you to feel full. But foods high in sugar are often high in calories, and eating these foods too often can contribute to you becoming overweight. Wheat is found in a wide range of foods, from bread, pasta and pizza to cereals, biscuits and sauces.

But there's not enough evidence that foods that contain wheat are any more likely to cause weight gain than any other food. Unless you have a diagnosed health condition, such as wheat allergy, wheat sensitivity or coeliac disease , there's little evidence that cutting out wheat and other grains from your diet will benefit your health.

Wholegrain, wholemeal and brown breads give us energy and contain B vitamins, vitamin E, fibre and a wide range of minerals. White bread also contains a range of vitamins and minerals, but it has less fibre than wholegrain, wholemeal or brown breads. Find out if cutting out bread could help ease bloating or other digestive symptoms.

Carbohydrates, fat and protein all provide energy, but your muscles rely on carbohydrates as their main source of fuel when you exercise. A diet that is low in carbohydrates can lead to a lack of energy during exercise, early fatigue and delayed recovery. It's recommended that you base all your meals around starchy carbohydrate foods and you choose higher fibre wholegrain varieties when you can.

Page last reviewed: 9 January Next review due: 9 January The truth about carbs - Healthy weight Secondary navigation You and your weight Weight facts Hidden causes of weight gain 9 medical reasons for putting on weight How can I speed up my metabolism?

The truth about carbs. Understanding calories Very low calorie diets Calorie checker. Find out your BMI. How to diet Start losing weight Top diets review 10 weight loss myths Keep weight off Should you lose weight fast? Nutrition Basics. Healthy For Good: Spanish Infographics. Simple carbohydrates are digested quickly and send immediate bursts of glucose energy into the blood stream.

That's why you may feel a rush of energy when you eat a dessert, only to be followed by a crash of fatigue when that sudden burst of energy is depleted. Simple sugars are found in refined sugars, like the white sugar you'd find in a sugar bowl. Added sugars including refined sugars provide calories, but lack vitamins, minerals and fiber and can lead to weight gain. But not all simple sugars are alike.

There are also simple sugars in more nutritious foods, like fruit and milk. These are "naturally occurring" sugars and, unlike refined sugars, these sugars often come with vitamins, minerals, and fiber that our bodies need. Complex carbohydrates are digested more slowly and supply a lower more steady release of glucose into the blood stream.

As with simple sugars, some complex carbohydrate foods are better choices than others. Refined grains, such as white flour and white rice, have been processed, which removes many nutrients and fiber. Scientists classify carbohydrates as either simple or complex, depending on how many sugar molecules they contain.

Simple carbohydrates have one or two sugar molecules and include glucose , fructose , sucrose, and lactose. Complex carbohydrates contain longer, more complex chains of sugars. They include oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.

Complex carbohydrates also contain fiber and starch. Refined carbohydrates are foods that have gone through processing that removes some of their ingredients, such as fiber and minerals.

These carbohydrates include sweeteners and high fructose corn syrup , which manufacturers often add to processed foods.

If the body is already storing enough energy and does not require more, it converts the glucose to fat, which can lead to weight gain. Glucose cannot stay in the bloodstream, as it can be damaging and toxic. A diet that contains lots of sugary foods and carbohydrates can cause too much reliance on the insulin response, which may lead to health issues such as diabetes or obesity.

When a person eats more carbohydrates than they need, they can store the excess glucose as fat. If someone is very active or doing a lot of exercise, they may use up these carbohydrates relatively quickly. Complex carbohydrates, such as brown rice, whole grain bread, and vegetables, release energy more slowly and keep a person fuller for longer.

To delete multiple apps, you can replace tapping "Delete" by tapping the "Edit Home Screen" and then tap "X" to delete multiple apps at once. After deleting, you can reinstall the app from the App Store. Deleting apps from iPhone won't remove apps permanently. The app remains in your iTunes library. If you want to delete waiting apps permanently, you must delete it also from your iTunes library.

Sometimes, you may fail to delete waiting apps with the above-mentioned methods if there's something wrong with your hardware. Step 1. Step 2. After that, you will see a new window asking for confirmation. Instead of deleing waiting apps, there are some walkarounds to fix the "app stuck on waiting" issue. If your apps are greyed out and stuck on waiting, the first thing you need to do is to check if there is a WiFi or cellular available on your iPhone.

If the network connection is functioning correctly, you can move to the next tip. If it is not working, check our tips for troubleshooting the "cellular data not working" issue. Most small iPhone issues can be fixed by simply performing a restart. To do this, you can hold down the power button on the upper right-hand side of your iPhone until the "Slide to Power Off" appears and release it. See this link for instructions on how to restart your iPhone. If the apps are still stuck on the home screen, try logging out of the App Store temporarily.

Now open the App Store and Navigate to the Featured section. Log in and the stuck apps should reset. Still have strange icons on the screen or frozen downloading apps? Connect your iPhone to the computer and open iTunes.

Navigate to the app store. Install the apps you are having a problem with on the computer then sync your iPhone. Newest iPhone FAQs. What is my Apple ID? New app helps you locate your missing AirPods. Add new comment Comments This worked - thanks so much! I have a really simple way. This works, thank you so much! Tried everything but could not delete it. Your method works like a champ. Can you explain please? It worked!

Thanks, Zion! It worked. Same, does anybody know how to fix this. This has been bugging me for 5 Months. Page content loaded. Sep 19, AM in response to brakelights In response to brakelights. Same here, blue-circle, clicking stop-button greys it out, then it returns to normal blue color. I've also tried deleting the files in the download folder via iExplorer, but nothing happens Sep 19, AM.

This is a common issue that requires you to recalibrate or reset your phone. To do this hold the power button down until you see a window pop down from the top of your device.

Then, swipe left and wait about 20 seconds. After the time is up, hold down the power button until you see an apple in the center of the screen. This will let you delete and download the app again. I've restarted the phone several time that is what you suggest in your first reply , it does not fix the problem. And there is definitely enough space on the device, in my case more than 40GB.

Hi there, it appears you did not read my original post as you suggest two solutions I've already tried. My issue has still not been resolved. Sep 20, AM in response to brakelights In response to brakelights.

I have exactly the same problem and tried everything. Sep 20, AM. Apr 15, PM in response to dgsdfg In response to dgsdfg. Thank You so much! I've been trying to update my phone, but i cant because apps that I deleted earlier just randomly started downloading again.

This solved the issue!! Apr 15, PM. Jul 23, AM in response to brakelights In response to brakelights. I had this issue an had tried all of the above remedies. Going to the App Store as you did finally solved it.

Jul 23, AM. Aug 15, PM in response to dondesole In response to dondesole. I'm having the same problem and none of that has worked. It's like this loop and the app that is stuck is a navagation app I need for a long drive tomorrow. I've done hard and soft reboots, paused the download, gone back into the App Store, etc.

I had the app on my phone previously but had deleted it because I don't typically drive and needed space for something else. When I tried to reinstall it later I was in bad reception and a lot of things were not working, so I tried again when I was in more reliable reception and still nothing has worked.

I've tried it in cellular and wifi, different networks, etc.

In your mind, picture a particularly relaxing moment. Choose any scene you want, such as a quiet afternoon walk on a beach. During this imagined trip, think of as many sensations as possible—feel the soft sand between your toes, smell the salty air, hear the surf, enjoy the warmth of the sun on your face. When you begin to breathe in and out, fully expand and contract your lungs: inhale slowly for six seconds, hold the air for three seconds and exhale for six seconds.

To help control your breathing, imagine there is a candle in front of you; you are not trying to blow it out but simply to make the flame flicker. Do this exercise a second time and take note of the letting go you begin to feel.

If you can repeat this cycle numerous times, your epinephrine levels will subside and feelings of stress and anxiety should taper off. Then you can really enjoy your mental vacation, whether you are at the beach or on a mountaintop. When you want to end the exercise, be sure to return to your surroundings as gently as possible.

Try mildly contracting all your body muscles while slowly opening your eyes. Younger children may find such guided relaxation too restrictive.

Be completely quiet. Don't move. Hear the silence and listen to your body. If a child has great difficulty keeping still and silent, calm background music can provide an ideal bridge. Rumination has been found to affect rest. With less time to rejuvenate and more time feeling unpleasant, those who ruminate get a double-dose of stress with limited ability to recover. By managing rumination better, you might be able to spend more time both awake and asleep in a more restful state.

Chronic stress, which can be exacerbated by rumination, is thought to contribute to illness because it causes over-activation of stress-responsive biological systems. Cortisol is a hormone that is released by the adrenal glands. It's commonly known as the "stress hormone. For example, it can help to control blood sugar levels, regulate metabolism, reduce inflammation, and assist with memory formulation. However, prolonged high levels of cortisol are associated with negative health outcomes. One study found that people who engaged in rumination had higher levels of cortisol in their systems by the end of the day, but not higher levels at the beginning.

These findings pointed to the likelihood that the cortisol was linked to their way of handling the day's stresses. Rumination can dampen your creativity. One study found that people who ruminated about problems at work were less creative on the job, while those who engaged in problem-solving thinking showed quicker recovery off the job. In short, ruminating more often probably means that you "take your work home with you.

Research has also linked rumination with a decreased ability to see solutions to problems, which can potentially lead to more stress. Clearing your mind can help combat rumination and may lead to better sleep, more effective downtime after work, greater focus, and increased creativity. The practice may even be good for your relationships.

So investing some time in mind-clearing strategies is well worth it. That said, letting go of negative emotions is easier said than done. There are a few techniques to quiet your thoughts that you can try. Meditation provides many other benefits, as well. To start a meditation practice, simply find a place where you can sit and relax.

Then observe your thoughts without becoming attached to them. Mindfulness is the practice of becoming fully immersed in an activity, rather than in your thoughts about other things.

Completing one activity with mindfulness can be a restorative way to clear your mind and get things done. Try cleaning a room, clearing out a closet, or cooking a healthy meal. If your mind is filled with stressful feelings, it may be helpful to give in to the thoughts and express them through writing. Journaling allows you to delve deeper into the topics that plague your thoughts. Fully experiencing and examining your emotions can help you brainstorm solutions and give you different ways of looking at your problems a technique known as cognitive restructuring.

Try to find a space that is well-lit and not too hot or too cold. It's hard to think clearly when you are uncomfortable and distracted. If you live or work around other people, let them know that you need undisturbed time to concentrate. If you're unable to get away from noise, try getting some noise-canceling headphones and listening to quiet music. Keeping your workspace neat and organized can also help you feel more focused and less distracted.

Take minute breaks from work every 1. Avoid spending too much time on a task at once, or you will soon find your mind wandering and your thoughts going in circles. To keep your thinking sharp and clear, take brief breaks every couple of hours to let your mind and body recuperate. Use active relaxation techniques.

When you take a break from working or thinking about the task at hand, try visualizing a calming scene. You might picture yourself lying on the beach or sitting in a boat in the middle of a peaceful lake.

Imagine the sights, sounds, sensations, and smells you might experience during your imaginary vacation, like the feeling of a cool breeze on your skin or the scent of autumn leaves in the air. When you return from your mental break, you may find it easier to think clearly and concentrate on what you are doing.

Method 4. Practice expressing your thoughts clearly and concisely. You can train your brain to process information more clearly and efficiently by mentally editing the things you say, write, and think. Cut out filler, repetition, and vague words and phrases, and try to rephrase your thoughts as clearly and concretely as possible.

For example, if you read a wordy passage in a book, take a few moments to try to mentally edit it down to 1 or 2 sentences that express the key point s of the passage. Observe an object for 5 minutes, then write down your thoughts about it.

Pick any object and examine it closely for a few minutes. Then, spend about 10 minutes writing down every observation you can think of. Doing this kind of exercise will not only help you become more observant, but will also get you into the habit of clearly expressing—and thinking about—the things you observe.

For example, how big is the object? What color is it? What kind of texture s does it have? Next, start writing down things that the object suggests to you.

Does it remind you of anything? Does it evoke a feeling? What uses can you think of for it? Question your own beliefs and assumptions. Take time to consider they way you think, feel, and react to things. Do I have any evidence to support it? Is it something somebody told you once?

Is it based on an experience you had trying to play a sport earlier in your life? Has anything changed about you or your situation since then? Examine information from others critically. In addition to questioning your own beliefs and assumptions, it's important to look at information you get from outside sources with a critical eye.

Before you accept something you read, see in the news or online, or hear from another person—even if they seem like an authoritative source—consider: [18] X Research source Does this information make sense? Does your source provide any evidence to support this information? Are you able to find other credible sources that support this information? Is the source obviously biased in any way? Challenge yourself by learning new things.

Trying new things—especially if they are a bit challenging for you—is a great way to keep your brain sharp and build new mental connections. For example, you might: Take a class in a subject you've never studied before.

Try a new creative hobby, like painting, sculpting, or writing. Challenge yourself with a DIY building or home improvement project. Study a foreign language. Learn a new game or sport.

His most recent book is How to Think He lives in Kent, UK. Edited by Nigel Warburton. For example, here is my attempt at explaining the purpose of this Guide to a notional nine-year-old:. As the parent of two young children, I often get to skip the pretending part of this exercise. It can be both challenging and powerful to talk someone else through an idea, step by step, in terms that take as little as possible for granted.

Question: how can archaeologists translate ancient scriptures or languages? All of this emphasises a fundamental point about clarifying your thinking. It asks you to admit your thoughts are unclear to begin with — and thus, that certain elements within them need to be rethought , or placed upon more secure foundations.

Why should anyone care about any of this? To idealise, it entails the mutual and respectful pursuit of knowledge. Aspiring towards clarity is also inexorably iterative. In this Guide, I want to help you think about what this process looks like for you. The first stage entails reflecting on why you believe something to be true or important.

The second entails teasing out the assumptions this reasoning relies upon. Draw a breath. Slow yourself down. What are you thinking and feeling? What most deserves your attention? Inviting people to pause is among the easiest advice in the world to give, and the hardest to take. Without pauses, there can be no second thoughts and no self-interrogations. There is no process until you take the time to embark upon it. You might think that this point is too obvious to be worth making.

We all carry around countless unclear, confused, contradictory thoughts and feelings. And precisely because we have neither the time nor the tools to sort them out, they mostly stay this way. You make yourself comfortable, relax, then try to notice the flow of your thoughts and feelings in a nonjudgmental way: the flickers of anxiety, anticipation, regret; the memories and ideas bubbling into consciousness.

These are the raw materials that any process of clarification must work with.

Notify me of new posts via email. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. My name is Patrick Gruenauer. From Austria. Email Address:. Published by Patrick Gruenauer. Looks good. Put the foreach loop into the function and it will be fine I guess.

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Unlike custom DFSR replicated folders, sysvol replication is intentionally protected from any editing through its management interfaces to prevent accidents. MSC tool, modify the following distinguished name DN value and attribute on each of the domain controllers DCs that you want to make non-authoritative:. Run the following command from an elevated command prompt on the same servers that you set as non-authoritative:.

That domain controller has now done a D2 of sysvol replication. MSC tool, modify the following DN and two attributes on the domain controller you want to make authoritative preferably the PDC Emulator, which is usually the most up-to-date for sysvol replication contents :. Modify the following DN and single attribute on all other domain controllers in that domain:.

Run the following command from an elevated command prompt on the same server that you set as authoritative:. That domain controller has now done a D4 of sysvol replication.

Run the following command from an elevated command prompt on all non-authoritative DCs that is, all but the formerly authoritative one :. If setting the authoritative flag on one DC, you must non-authoritatively synchronize all other DCs in the domain.

For example, if all logon scripts were accidentally deleted and a manual copy of them was placed back on the PDC Emulator role holder, making that server authoritative and all other servers non-authoritative would guarantee success and prevent conflicts. Specifies that replication on the destination domain controllers occurs with all replication partners. Specifies that replication is asynchronous. That is, Repadmin starts the replication event, but it does not expect an immediate response from the destination domain controller.

Requests that the source domain controller replicate all changes again for the specified partition. Specifies that the destination domain controller holds a read-only copy of the partition that is replicated. The following command replicates the Mayberry naming context from source-dc01 to dest-dc01 and specifies that the naming context is read-only on the destination domain controller:.

Some observations:. Linear relationships are similar to direct variation relationships since the rate of change slope is constant in both, but unlike direct variation relationships, linear relationships can include point 0,k where k is different from 0. Given a relationship between two variables x and y , the relationship is linear if the rate of change is constant, i. If you begin with 15 cookies and one cookie costs 20 cents, the table above shows the relationship between x , the amount you spent, and y , the number of cookies you have.

Use the above application to find runs and rises consistent with slopes of 3, 1, 0. At this time, you should be able to understand the following relationships associated with slopes. When the slope is a fraction, it is not always convenient to think of the run as being equal to 1.

If two variables are directly proportional to one another it means that, as one doubles in size, then so does the other; if one trebles, then so does the other, or if one halves, then so does… well, you get the idea. We say that the proportional change in one variable is equal to the proportional change in the other. In this example, the statement that the acceleration is proportional to the resultant force can be written mathematically as:. Take a look at the data above. Does a double as F doubles?

In the second pair of readings, when F has doubled to 2 N, a has also doubled to 0. Why not? To turn any proportionality relation into an equation, we have to add a constant of proportionality. In maths, this constant is normally given the symbol k , which leads us to the following equation which relates a to F :.

This is done by dividing each value of a by the corresponding value of F. We explain how your work is scored. MAC Introduction and Syllabus. Goals of this Section This is the introduction to the overall course and it contains the syllabus as well as grade information. Goals of this Course This course has several concurrent but different goals. Expect Differences What makes this course different from previous courses?

Methods to Prepare Suggestions on Studying and Learning. General Syllabus This is the syllabus for the course with everything but grading and the calendar.

The Point of Grades This is the grading rubric for the course, including the assignments, how many points things are worth, and how many points are needed for each letter grade.

Mathematical Modeling. Goals of this Section This section is on learning to use mathematics to model real-life situations. Terminology To Know These are important terms and notations for this section. What is mathematical reasoning?

This section aims to introduce the idea of mathematical reasoning and give an example of how it is used. Logical Deduction This section analyzes the previous example in detail to develop a three phase deductive process to develop a mathematical model.

Types of Information This section aims to explore and explain different types of information. Is this actually math? Math as a Language This section contains important points about the analogy of mathematics as a language.

Numeric Model Walkthrough This is a detailed numeric model example and walkthrough. Embrace Laziness! Variables and Their Roles This section explains types and interactions between variables. Generalized Model Walkthrough This is an example of a detailed generalized model walkthrough. Variables, Functions, Graphing, and Universal Properties. Goals of this Section This section is on functions, their roles, their graphs, and we introduce the Library of Functions.

Relationship vs. Equations In this section we discuss a very subtle but profoundly important difference between a relationship between information, and an equation with information. Functions In this section we discuss what makes a relation into a function. Functions Require Context In this section we demonstrate that a relation requires context to be considered a function.

Set Notation In this section we cover how to actual write sets and specifically domains, codomains, and ranges. Function Notation This section covers function notation, why and how it is written. Graphing Introduction This section introduces graphing and gives an example of how we intuitively use it. French History and Dinosaurs! This section introduces the origin an application of graphing. Graphing To Relate Variables This section describes how we will use graphing in this course; as a tool to visually depict a relation between variables.

Using Graphs This section covers what graphs should be used for, despite being imprecise. Vertical Line Test This section describes the vertical line test and why it works. Parent Functions This section provides the specific parent functions you should know. In other words, for every value of x , there is only one corresponding value of y.

When you assign a value to the independent variable, x , you can compute the value of the dependent variable, y. You can then plot the points named by each x , y pair on a coordinate grid. Students should already know that any two points determine a line. So graphing a linear equation in fact only requires finding two pairs of values and drawing a line through the points they describe.

All other points on the line will provide values for x and y that satisfy the equation. The graphs of linear equations are always lines. However, it is important to remember that not every point on the line that the equation describes will necessarily be a solution to the problem that the equation describes.

For example, the problem may not make sense for negative numbers say, if the independent variable is time or very large numbers say, numbers over if the dependent variable is grade in class. In this equation, for any given steady rate, the relationship between distance and time will be linear.

However, distance is usually expressed as a positive number, so most graphs of this relationship will only show points in the first quadrant. Notice that the direction of the line in the graph below is from bottom left to top right. Lines that tend in this direction have positive slope.

A positive slope indicates that the values on both axes are increasing from left to right. In this equation, since you won't ever have a negative amount of water in the bucket, the graph will show points only in the first quadrant.

Notice that the direction of the line in this graph is top left to bottom right. Lines that tend in this direction have negative slope. A negative slope indicates that the values on the y- axis are decreasing as the values on the x- axis are increasing.

Again in this graph, we are relating values that only make sense if they are positive, so we show points only in the first quadrant. Moreover, in this case, since no polygon has fewer than 3 sides or angles and the number of sides or angles of a polygon must be a whole number, we show the graph starting at 3,3 and indicate with a dashed line that points between those plotted are not relevant to the problem. Since it's perfectly reasonable to have both positive and negative temperatures, we plot the points on this graph on the full coordinate grid.

The slope of a line tells two things: how steep the line is with respect to the y- axis and whether the line slopes up or down when you look at it from left to right.

More technically speaking, slope tells you the rate at which the dependent variable is changing with respect to the change in the independent variable. Pick any two points on the line. To find how fast y is changing, subtract the y value of the first point from the y value of the second point: y 2 — y 1. To find how fast x is changing, subtract the x value of the first point from the x value of the second point: x 2 — x 1.

It does not matter which points along the line you designate as A and B , just as long as we're consistent with which is the "first" point x 1 , y 1 and which is the "second" x 2 , y 2. It is also the same value you will get if you choose any other pair of points on the line to compute slope. The equation of a line can be written in a form that makes the slope obvious and allows you to draw the line without any computation.

If students are comfortable with solving a simple two-step linear equation, they can write linear equations in slope-intercept form. In the equation, x and y are the variables. The numbers m and b give the slope of the line m and the value of y when x is 0 b. The value of y when x is 0 is called the y -intercept because 0, y is the point at which the line crosses the y -axis. You can draw the line for an equation matching this linear formula by plotting 0, b , then using m to find another point.

Now look at b in the equation: —3 should be where the line intercepts the y -axis, and it is. When a line slopes up from left to right, it has a positive slope. This means that a positive change in y is associated with a positive change in x. The steeper the slope, the greater the rate of change in y in relation to the change in x. When the line represents real-world data points plotted on a coordinate plane, a positive slope indicates a positive correlation, and the steeper the slope, the stronger the positive correlation.

Consider a linear equation where the independent variable g is gallons of gas used and the dependent variable d is the distance traveled in miles.

The first time the viewers saw it was when he tried to pinpoint the Greendale riots on Chang. His corruption was further seen in the season 5 premiere when he shredded the profile of a student who threatened to sue Greendale. Not to mention how he bribed Starburns to take the fall for the "Ass Crack Bandit" to prevent the school's reputation. Over the six seasons, fans will agree that the Dean's self-esteem was shown to take a bit of a hit after season 4.

While the first few years saw the Dean embrace his sexuality, Craig's confidence took a hit when he realized he was still being ostracized by his colleagues and students. Fans first saw this when Hickey kicked him out of the staff room, and again when he was excluded from the Save Greendale Committee meetings. By the time Frankie arrived, he was desperately seeking her approval.

Considering how confident he was, it was a shame that Craig regressed. Considering he was meant to be the most powerful member on campus, Craig proved that he was a better follower than a leader. While Craig did try his best to make the students happy, he did fail to step up when it mattered most. Instead of putting an end to the first paintball game, he exacerbated the situation by adding Chang to the mix. When the study group caused a full-blown riot, he refused to expel them. Even in the last season, Craig was seen to rely too much on Frankie to get him out of trouble.

Although he did his best for the students, he wasn't really qualified for the position. One of the ways the Dean became worse as time went on was his lack of maturity. As the seasons went on, the Dean was shown to grow more irresponsible and reckless. Not only did he mishandle the school's budget, but Craig also refused to be held accountable for his actions.

Especially in seasons 5 and 6. For instance, he bought a needless virtual reality set and refused to get a refund because he loved it.

He also bought a pointless giant hand that wasn't really necessary. Not to mention how he always blew the budget on school dances. After all this time, one would have thought he had learned his lesson.

A writer, reader and tv fanatic, Kayleigh enjoys reading movie news and your film reviews. She has attained an Undergraduate degree in Creative Writing and is also the creator of the film and television blog 'The Critics' Corner'. By Kayleigh Banks Published Jun 09, He also has an unabashed dalmatian fetish , the basis of which is still unknown " Investigative Journalism ". He has an unseen tattoo on his right thigh " Introduction to Finality ". At the start of the semester at Greendale, Dean Pelton failed to deliver the rousing speech he hoped would encourage and inspire the new students on campus.

He first met Jeff when Britta admits to using a crib sheet on a Spanish test. He heads up an academic tribunal made up of Ian Duncan and Ben Chang in order to deal with Britta's cheating. Later he blackmails Jeff into helping him get Troy to be the quarterback for Greendale's football team. Throughout the year his bizarre proclivities and man crush on Jeff start to become more apparent.

At the end of the school year he accidentally invites two people dressed as dalmatians to the " Tranny Dance ". When a drunk Ian Duncan disrupts the party with a lewd rap and then insults the Dean for his strange tastes Pelton suspends the professor.

He also teams up with Pierce to create a new mascot for the school. He also announces a concert with "Greene Daeye". Winter ". Later, he grants Annie and Shirley temporary security positions, deals with the police and Spanish class over a cadaver thrown out a window and then fires Annie and Shirley from their positions.

Later, he introduces Dr. Escodera as Chang's replacement for Spanish class. Dean Pelton is heard announcing the start of the semester at Greendale over the P. He becomes more comfortable showing off his flamboyant side and begins dressing up in various outfits, starting with lederhosen. Pelton devises a scheme to preempt City Colleges new space program with one of Greendale's own which earns him the ire of his rival, Dean Spreck.

During a Halloween party, he unknowingly serves the students army surplus rations which contain a deadly contagion. During the rest of the school year, he takes a more personal interest in the study group, particularly Jeff.

The stakes of the competition become higher when it's revealed to be a City College plot orchestrated by Dean Spreck. Pelton is taken hostage and forced to watch as the students struggle valiantly against an army of City College Storm Troopers.

Pelton is on hand to witness the final battle between he remaining players and witnesses Greendale triumph due to the efforts of a rebel alliance led by the study group and the shocking actions of Pierce Hawthorne. In revenge, he later creates a short animated film about the incident where he mutates into " Cyber-Dean " and kills the study group.

Pelton is attacked at the food fair in the school parking lot and then is present when Shirley gives birth in class. At the beginning of season Three, Dean Pelton is determined to make Greendale Community College a more respectable and straight-laced institution. However, his efforts to rein in the school budget brings the ire of Vice Dean Laybourne of Greendale's AC annex, which is responsible for the majority of the school's budget.

He turns to Chang for help when Greendale's security staff quits. Greendale's executive board asks Pelton to direct a new promotional advertisement but the production takes over the campus when Luis Guzmon offers to participate. As the new head of security Chang begins to plot a takeover of Greendale.

Pelton cuts a deal with Subway to bring the restaurant to Greendale. Layboure continues to put pressure on Pelton, demanding that Troy be transferred to the AC program.

Student unrest following a student's death snowballs into a full scale riot, which gives Chang the opportunity to enact his scheme. Chang holds Pelton captive after replacing him with a lookalike Dean.

Two months later he is rescued by the study group after being held captive in the boiler room beneath the cafeteria. Near the end of summer, he awards Pierce and Shirley the now vacant Subway spot to launch their own sandwich shop. When the two get into an argument over the ownership of the new business venture, Pelton had them settle their dispute in Greendale Court with him presiding as judge. He later watches their performance. Pelton is angry that he isn't invited to Shirley's wedding.

Norbert Archwood to discuss the case of the smashed yam. He also breaks the news to the study group that they will have to repeat Biology in the summer. In the study group's fourth year at Greendale, Pelton devises a competition called "The Hunger Deans" in order to determine which students get to attend a "History of Ice Cream" course.

He is forced to deal with the unexpected return of Ben Chang to campus who is supposedly suffering from amnesia. He is assigned the task by the school board to get a rich student to enrol at Greendale. Pelton throws a Sadie Hawkins dance which inspires Britta to organize a dance of her own. When the study group is traumatized by a recent event, Pelton helps them work through it with puppet therapy.

Pelton role-plays as Jeff, believing he swapped bodies with him. At the end of the year, he presides over a graduation ceremony for Jeff and later attends a special dinner in the study room in honor of the graduate.

He comes to believe that this is true and springs him out of jail in a nurse costume. And apart from the day-to-day putting out of fires, you have to have your eye on longer-term strategy. Beyond these long hours and dealing with internal issues, other challenges await.

Dastmalchian says representing the university in the community, particularly as dean of a business school where tuition fees are high and fundraising is key, is a real effort. But ultimately you are the face of the school to the outside world at a time when external relationships have become a large part of the job.

It generates reaction from all corners. Dionne, meanwhile, sees herself as a rassambleur. Being a dean also involves making complex decisions, often within tight budgets. She recommends anyone moving into a leadership position learn to understand a spreadsheet.

Long days, isolation, reading spreadsheets — why do these deans do it? Andersen at U of A agrees that mentoring can be rewarding. So, these deans seem to like their work. But will you? To make the decision, they counsel that you assess your strengths and ponder whether you like that big-picture view.

Van Acker puts it another way: you have to think about whether you value service at least as much as research. Those interested in the job must also honestly assess their own people skills and leadership abilities. Steele says she did a self-assessment of which skills she needed to develop, and sought out mentorships, training programs and leadership positions.

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Trayvon's mother and brother speaks out.